From the classical ideal to the neoclassical aesthetics of the body in the art of post-revolutionary France. A new era of plastic anatomy at the Academy and the School of Fine Arts

Background. The article considers the stages of formation anatomical science in two major art institutions France XIX century, Academy Painting and Sculpture School Fine Arts. Developments theoretical works bases development plastic anatomy by known anatomists, anthropologists artists-scientists century are considered. Particular attention was paid to leading scientific manuals on anatomy. Excerpts from leaders this discipline or researchers their heritage have been translated original language. methodical principles teaching substantiated names personalities who influenced Arts given. Their work great importance for at Thanks them, not only process but also its spatial architectural environment becomes important. genesis term "plastic anatomy" is transition "anatomy" artistic anatomy", which, fact, becoming typical higher education. Objectives. purpose study highlight methods during century. Methods. With help theoretical, informational generalization method, obtained research data were systematized streamlined, possibility finding a solution problem revealed practicality results evaluated. Results. For first time Ukrainian history, material collected Conclusions. Prospects further require clarification relationship between practice philosophy pragmatism, as well closer examination some famous (artists anatomists-scientists) given article, made contribution